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霍金说,上帝并没有创造宇宙

伦敦(路透社) ——上帝并没有创造宇宙并且宇宙大爆炸是物理法则的必然结果,英国著名理论物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金在一本新书中坚决主张说。

在新书《大设计》中,与列纳德·蒙洛迪诺共同编写,霍金说一系列新的理论使创世者是不必要的,根据星期四泰晤士报发表的摘录中说。

“由于存在地心引力等定律,因此宇宙能够并且将从无到有创造它自己。自然发生说是有物而非无物存在的原因,是为什么宇宙存在,为什么人类存在的原因。”霍金在书中写到。

“没有必要借助上帝来引燃蓝色导火索,推动宇宙运转。”

霍金,68岁,通过他1988年《时间简史》一书赢得全球的认可,记录了宇宙起源,以他在黑洞、宇宙论和量子引力的著作而闻名。

自从1974以来,他一直致力于结合现代物理学的两大基石——涉及地心引力和宏观现象的阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的广义相对论,以及包括亚原子粒子的量子理论。

他最新的评论表明他已脱离了以前有关宗教的观点。先前,他写到物理法则意味着根本没有必要相信上帝介入了宇宙大爆炸。

他在时间简史中写道...... “如果我们发现一种完整的理论,这将是人类理性的最终胜利-——因为那时我们应该清楚上帝的心智。”

在他最新的书中,他说1992年的发现——一个行星绕围绕另一恒星飞行而不是太阳,帮助解构物理学之父艾萨克·牛顿的观点,那就是宇宙是由上帝创造的,而不会诞生于混沌。

“这与我们的行星情况一样——单一太阳、地球-太阳距离和太阳质量的幸运组合,它并不与众不同,并且没有强有力的证据证明地球是为了取悦我们人类而精心设计的”他写道。

霍金,通过一台计算机生成的语音合成器才能够讲话,患有神经肌肉萎缩症这些年来病情一直发展,使他几乎完全瘫痪。

他在20岁出头的时候患了这种病但是接着使自己成为世界领先的科学权威之一,并且也在“星际迷航”和漫画“飞出个未来”和“辛普森一家”中有客串。

去年他宣布他辞去英国剑桥大学卢卡斯数学教授的职务,一个牛顿曾经担任的职位,他自从1979年开始担任。

《大设计》即将在下周开始发售。


 
God did not create the universe, says Hawking

LONDON (Reuters) – God did not create the universe and the "Big Bang" was an inevitable consequence of the laws of physics, the eminent British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking argues in a new book.

In "The Grand Design," co-authored with U.S. physicist Leonard Mlodinow, Hawking says a new series of theories made a creator of the universe redundant, according to the Times newspaper which published extracts on Thursday.

"Because there is a law such as gravity, the universe can and will create itself from nothing. Spontaneous creation is the reason there is something rather than nothing, why the universe exists, why we exist," Hawking writes.

"It is not necessary to invoke God to light the blue touch paper and set the universe going."

Hawking, 68, who won global recognition with his 1988 book "A Brief History of Time," an account of the origins of the universe, is renowned for his work on black holes, cosmology and quantum gravity.

Since 1974, the scientist has worked on marrying the two cornerstones of modern physics -- Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, which concerns gravity and large-scale phenomena, and quantum theory, which covers subatomic particles.

His latest comments suggest he has broken away from previous views he has expressed on religion. Previously, he wrote that the laws of physics meant it was simply not necessary to believe that God had intervened in the Big Bang.

He wrote in A Brief History ... "If we discover a complete theory, it would be the ultimate triumph of human reason -- for then we should know the mind of God."

In his latest book, he said the 1992 discovery of a planet orbiting another star other than the Sun helped deconstruct the view of the father of physics Isaac Newton that the universe could not have arisen out of chaos but was created by God.

"That makes the coincidences of our planetary conditions -- the single Sun, the lucky combination of Earth-Sun distance and solar mass, far less remarkable, and far less compelling evidence that the Earth was carefully designed just to please us human beings," he writes.

Hawking, who is only able to speak through a computer-generated voice synthesizer, has a neuro muscular dystrophy that has progressed over the years and left him almost completely paralyzed.

He began suffering the disease in his early 20s but went on to establish himself as one of the world's leading scientific authorities, and has also made guest appearances in "Star Trek" and the cartoons "Futurama" and "The Simpsons."

Last year he announced he was stepping down as Cambridge University's Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, a position once held by Newton and one he had held since 1979.

"The Grand Design" is due to go on sale next week.


 

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